Containerizing PHP and Nginx involves creating Docker containers for each service and configuring them to work together. Below are the steps involved in creating a basic Docker configuration for PHP and Nginx. This example is based on a simple PHP application.

1- Create the project structure :
Start by creating the project with the following structure:

//projet
├── index.php
├── nginx
│   └── nginx.conf
├── Dockerfile
├── Dockerfile-nginx
└── docker-compose.yml

2- Create a PHP application :
Create a simple PHP application. For example, in the root "./index.php" :

<?php
echo "Hello!";

3- Configure Nginx :
Create an Nginx configuration file in nginx/nginx.conf :

server {
    listen 80;
    index index.php;
    server_name localhost;
    error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log;
    access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
    error_page 404 /index.php;
    root /var/www;
    client_max_body_size 20m;
    location ~ \.php$ {
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_pass app:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
        gzip_static on;
    }
}

4- Write the Dockerfile :

FROM php:8.0.2-fpm

WORKDIR /var/www

5-Create a Dockerfile-nginx file for Nginx in the root of the project:

FROM nginx:1.19-alpine

WORKDIR /var/www

6- Create a .dockerignore file in the root of the :

docker-compose
Dockerfile*

7- Write the Docker Compose file :

Create a docker-compose.yml file in the project root:

version: "3"

services:
  app:
    container_name: app-container
    build:
      context: ./
      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile
    working_dir: /var/www/
    restart: always
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
    networks:
      - app-network


  nginx:
    container_name: nginx-container
    build:
      context: ./
      dockerfile: ./Dockerfile-nginx
    restart: always
    ports:
      - "8000:80"
    volumes:
      - ./nginx:/etc/nginx/conf.d
      - ./:/var/www
    depends_on:
      - app
    networks:
      - app-network

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

We've created an app-network, because we're containerizing PHP and Nginx separately with the same network, since the containers have a network isolated from our local system.

8- Build and run containers :

docker-compose up --build

Access the application:
Open your browser and go to http://localhost:8000. You should see the message "Hello!".

Containerization of PHP and Nginx