Installing Oracle Database 19c on CentOS 9 for development or testing can be a complex process. Many users encounter errors during installation, and I have also faced challenges. However, by following a systematic approach, as outlined in this guide, you can successfully install Oracle Database 19c on CentOS 9.

Below is a step-by-step guide, including the installation of necessary packages, configuration of environment variables, and setting up systemd for managing the Oracle service.

Step 1: Install Pre-Installation RPM Package
First, install the Oracle Database pre-installation RPM package, which prepares your system by installing necessary packages and setting up kernel parameters.

sudo dnf -y install https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL8/appstream/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

Step 2: Install Oracle Database 19c
Download and Configure Repository:

Download the public YUM repository for Oracle Linux 7 and disable it by default:

sudo curl https://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo
sudo sed -i -e "s/enabled=1/enabled=0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo

Import the GPG Key and Install Pre-Installation Package:

sudo rpm --import http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol7
sudo yum --enablerepo=ol7_latest -y install oracle-database-preinstall-19c

Copy and Install Oracle Database RPM:

sudo cp /opt/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm .
sudo rpm -Uvh oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

Step 3: Configure Oracle Database
Edit Configuration File:

Open the Oracle Database configuration file to set listener ports and data locations:

sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c.conf

Example configuration:

LISTENER_PORT=1521
ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata
EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500

Run Oracle Database Configuration:

sudo /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

Step 4: Set Up User Environment
Update User Profile:

Switch to Oracle User:

su - oracle

Edit your .bash_profile to include the Oracle environment variables:

vi ~/.bash_profile

Example content:

if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
    . ~/.bashrc
fi

PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH

Apply Profile Changes:

source ~/.bash_profile

Access Oracle SQL Plus:

sqlplus / as sysdba

exit

Edit Oracle Configuration Files:

Edit /etc/oratab:

sudo vi /etc/oratab

Example entry:

ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y

Create /etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb:

sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb

Example content:

ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oradata
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB

Create Systemd Service File:

sudo vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/ORCLCDB@oracledb.service

[Unit]
Description=Oracle Database service
After=network.target lsnrctl.service

[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
User=oracle

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Reload and Enable the Service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable ORCLCDB@lsnrctl ORCLCDB@oracledb

Reference: Server World

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