INTRODUCTION
''In the rapidly evolving landscape of desktop application development, Microsoft Teams have recently made a significant shift in their underlying technology. Both applications, which were initially built on the Electron framework, have transitioned to using Microsoft’s WebView2 control. This move marks a pivotal change, offering notable improvements in performance, integration, and user experience. In this blog, we’ll explore why this migration matters and what it means for developers and users alike.

Direct Insight from Rish Tandon

In a tweet, Rish Tandon, CEO of Microsoft Teams, highlighted the significance of this transition:
"With this change, we are taking a major step in #MicrosoftTeams architecture. We are moving away from Electron to Edge WebView2. Teams will continue to remain a hybrid app but now it will be powered by #MicrosoftEdge. Also, Angular is gone. We are now 100% on WebView2."

Architecture Overview

ElectronJS Process Model:

Electron is a framework that allows you to create cross-platform desktop applications by wrapping a web application. It serves as a bridge between the web application and the desktop environment, handling interactions like showing popups or responding to device connections. While Electron manages the interface with the desktop, the core functionality of the application is implemented in JavaScript.

WebView2 Based Application Process Model:

WebView2 is a versatile control similar to a text box or button, but designed for rendering web page experiences using the Chromium engine integrated into Edge. It replaces the older WebView control, which itself replaced the Web Browser control from the Win32 era. While WebView used the original Edge (Trident) rendering engine and was limited to Windows 10, WebView2 utilizes the updated Edge engine and is compatible with a broader range of Windows platforms.

Quick Summary:

Why the Shift from Electron JS to WebView2?

Transition Reasons

Performance Improvements: WebView2 is more lightweight and faster than Electron, leading to reduced memory usage and quicker load times.
Better Integration with Windows: WebView2 integrates seamlessly with Windows, enhancing performance and user experience.
Reduced Overhead: WebView2 is less resource-intensive, avoiding the need to bundle a full Chromium browser instance, which lowers the application's footprint.
Enhanced Security: WebView2 benefits from ongoing security updates for Microsoft Edge, offering a more secure environment than Electron.

Transition Results

Performance:
Memory Usage: WebView2 significantly reduces memory consumption, leading to smoother performance.
Load Times: Faster load times and quicker response rates due to optimized rendering and reduced overhead.

User Experience:
Stability: Improved stability with fewer crashes and bugs.
User Interface: More responsive interface and smoother interactions.

Integration and Compatibility:
Windows Features: Enhanced integration with Windows features like notifications and file handling.
Application Updates: Simplified updates through Edge’s update mechanism.

Developer Impact:
Development Efficiency: Streamlined framework and better debugging tools.
Code Maintenance: Easier maintenance with standardized web content handling.

Security:
Enhanced Security: Improved protection from vulnerabilities with Edge’s security features.

What This Means for Developers and Users

For Developers:
Transition Complexity: Migrating from Electron to WebView2 involves reworking the application’s architecture. Developers need to replace Electron-specific features with WebView2 equivalents, often requiring significant changes to how web content is handled and how communication between native code and web content is managed.
New Opportunities: WebView2 opens up new possibilities for integrating with native Windows features and leveraging the latest web standards. Developers can explore these opportunities to enhance their applications further and deliver more powerful features.

For Users:
Improved Performance: Users will experience faster and more responsive applications. This is particularly beneficial for high-demand applications like Microsoft Teams, which rely on real-time communication, which handles complex design tasks.
Seamless Experience: With better integration into the Windows environment, users can expect a more cohesive and fluid experience. This includes smoother interactions with the operating system and enhanced support for Windows-specific features.

Conclusion

Microsoft Teams' migration from Electron JS to WebView2 marks a key shift towards better performance, integration, and adherence to modern web standards. This change highlights a trend of optimizing desktop applications to enhance user experience and security. As technology evolves, we can expect more applications to adopt similar advancements, showcasing how strategic updates can drive innovation and improve everyday tools.