nabbisen* The cover image is originally by Little_Foxy and edited with great appreciation.
Introduction
Drupal is a secure and powerful CMS aka content management system.
It's an open source platform, which is based on Symfony, a fast and robust PHP web framework, nowadays.
I wrote about installing it by building source code:
However, using composer is recommended officially.
Additionally, I found building the environment under composer would be helpful at updating the system later.
Therefore, I tried to install it via composer.
* Note: There is another way to "Add Composer to an existing site".
Environment
- OS: OpenBSD 6.5
- Database: Database: MariaDB 10.0
- Web Server: httpd
- App Server: PHP 7.3
- CMS: Drupal 8.7
The system requirements of Drupal is:
https://www.drupal.org/docs/8/install/before-a-drupal-8-installation
Tutorial of Installation
Prepare database
Create database and user:
CREATE DATABASE <database> CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, DROP, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES ON <database>.* TO <dbuser>@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '<dbpassword>';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Install App via Composer
<drupal-dir> means your Drupal's root directory.
$ php-7.3 /usr/local/libexec/composer.phar create-project drupal-composer/drupal-project:8.x-dev <drupal-dir> --no-interaction
* Caution: It is NOT necessary to modify the part "drupal-composer/drupal-project:8.x".
It takes minutes.
The result is:
Installing drupal-composer/drupal-project (8.x-dev bdaa8fd53b120fa556e44cbfaa42f4c56831b9bd)
- Installing drupal-composer/drupal-project (8.x-dev bdaa8fd): Cloning bdaa8fd53b from cache
Created project in drupal
> DrupalProject\composer\ScriptHandler::checkComposerVersion
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 140 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
- Installing cweagans/composer-patches (1.6.7): Loading from cache
...
- Installing drupal/core (8.7.7): Loading from cache
...
- Installing drush/drush (9.7.1): Loading from cache
- Installing vlucas/phpdotenv (v2.6.1): Loading from cache
paragonie/random_compat suggests installing ext-libsodium (Provides a modern crypto API that can be used to generate random bytes.)
...
Package phpunit/phpunit-mock-objects is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
Writing lock file
Generating autoload files
- .csslintrc (https://git.drupalcode.org/project/drupal/raw/8.7.7/.csslintrc): Downloading (connecting.Downloading (100%)
...
- ../.gitattributes (https://git.drupalcode.org/project/drupal/raw/8.7.7/.gitattributes): Downloading (Downloading (100%)
> DrupalProject\composer\ScriptHandler::createRequiredFiles
Created a sites/default/settings.php file with chmod 0666
Created a sites/default/files directory with chmod 0777
Next, change the permissions:
$ cd <drupal-dir>
# # files
# chown -R :www ./web/sites/default
# chmod -R g+w ./web/sites/default
* Caution: There is no need to configure "setting.php" by doing such as cp ./web/sites/default/default.settings.php sites/default/settings.php.
Well, Drupal wants to create config dir out of the public directory called "web".
So let's prepare it:
$ mkdir ./config
# chown -R :www ./config
# chmod -R g+w ./config
If this preparation is not completed, the error "create the directory ../config/sync failed" will occur in "Verify requirements" page of the web installer.
Build the server
You have to build a web server with OpenBSD's httpd and get a certificate of Let's Encrypt beforehand.
server "<fqdn>" {
listen on $ext_addr port 80
block return 301 "https://$SERVER_NAME$REQUEST_URI"
}
server "<fqdn>" {
listen on $ext_addr tls port 443
tls {
certificate "/etc/letsencrypt/live/<fqdn>/fullchain.pem"
key "/etc/letsencrypt/live/<fqdn>/privkey.pem"
}
# optional:
log {
access "<fqdn>-access.log"
error "<fqdn>-error.log"
}
root "/<drupal-dir>/web"
directory index index.php
location "/*.php" {
fastcgi socket "/run/php-fpm.sock"
}
location "/*.php[/?]*" {
fastcgi socket "/run/php-fpm.sock"
}
location match "/[^\.]+/?$" {
fastcgi socket "/run/php-fpm.sock"
request rewrite "/index.php/%1"
}
}
Configure httpd.conf like this.
fastcgi socket brings requests to Drupal via PHP-FPM :)
Besides, in comparison with my past post, the root directory is different:
- root "/<drupal-dir>"
+ root "/<drupal-dir>/web"
Well, restart the web server:
# rcctl restart httpd
Here we're ready.
Web installer
Let's access to https://<fqdn> .
You will see the web installer running.
Just follow it :)
Database Configuration:
If you use "localhost" as database host, you might have to replace it with "127.0.0.1".
Also, I recommend using "Table name prefix" also from the point of view of security.
The installation will start:
Wait seconds.
Site configuration will start:
Finished :)
Security verification
Reduce write permissions from a file, sites/default/settings.php, and a directory, sites/default:
# chmod g-w ./web/sites/default/settings.php
# # The target is just a directory and therefore the `-R` option is unnecessary:
# chmod g-w ./web/sites/default
"Health check" of the system will perhaps want you to register trusted hosts.
Edit sites/default/settings.php like this:
/**
* Trusted host configuration.
...
*/
+ $settings['trusted_host_patterns'] = array(
+ '^<fqdn>$',
+ );
Here, don't forget escape sequence to use period because it means patterns.
For example, "^your.sub.domain$" should be "^your\.sub\.domain$".
References
The official documents about Drupal installation is:
https://www.drupal.org/docs/8/install
Also, about composer:
- https://www.drupal.org/docs/develop/using-composer/using-composer-to-install-drupal-and-manage-dependencies
- https://www.drupal.org/docs/develop/using-composer/using-composer-with-drupal
The end of support of Drupal 8 is announced as Nov 2021.
Conclusion
Thank you for your reading :)
Happy computing.
