Where can be used

• validate http request from client (at server side)
• validate http response from server (at client side)
• validate data from untyped storage, for example localStorage, JSON columns in DB, etc.
• validate env variables
• validate CLI arguments
• validate configuration files
• validate data from URL (query params)

Features

• Basic validation - can validate static types at runtime (can be restricted to JSON type)
• Serialisation / deserialisation - for example, TS/JS supports Date, but JSON doesn’t. So you need to do conversion in order to support it
• Compatibility with other schemas - there are tools which can convert from- or to- another schemas, for example JSONSchema, OpenAPI etc
• Strict or permissive mode - would object be accepted if it contains extra fields
• Helpful error messages - if in case of failed validation it points what exactly went wrong or simply dismisses the input
• AOT (ahead of time) - can it use type information in order to produce validation libraries or faster serialiser, deserialiser
• Custom types - can user create custom types, for example type for email, instead of string

Libraries

Not a full list, but rather a high level overview

Fast

• typia
  • Doesn’t need extra schema definition. Uses AOT to generate validators, serialisers and deserialisers directly from TypeScript types
  • Supports protocol buffers
• typebox
  • Supports all JSON, JS, JSONSchema, but for TS discriminated unions you need to use typebox-validators
  • Can use JIT (and AOT?)
• ts-runtime-checks
  • Uses AOT

See: Runtype Benchmarks

Popular

• zod. For example, integrates with Astro, Drizzle, trpc
• yup
• ajv

Other

• typeschema
• valibot
• adonisjs/validator
• io-ts and newtype-ts
• deepkit runtime types
• runtypes
• superstruct
• safen
• arktype
• rescript-struct
• ts-json-validator
• valita
• to-typed
• fastest-validator
• runtypes
• computed_types
• subshape
• effect-ts/schema
• TypeRunner
• jointz
• ts-auto-guard
• tserial
• ts-runtime

Related

• type-o-rama